Modulasi respons inflamasi dan aktivitas fagositosis makrofag RAW 264,7 terstimulasi LPS oleh ekstrak karamuntiang (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk.)

Irene Puspa Dewi; Fatma Sri Wahyuni; Yufri Aldi; Dachriyanus Hamidi

doi:10.24071/usdb.v4.537

Authors

Irene Puspa Dewi Sanata Dharma University Author
Fatma Sri Wahyuni Andalas University Author
Yufri Aldi Andalas University Author
Dachriyanus Hamidi Andalas University Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24071/usdb.v4.537

Keywords:

Herbal, Imunomodulator, Interleukin

Abstract

Inflamasi berperan dalam perlindungan tubuh terhadap antigen atau benda asing yang masuk ke dalam tubuh, namun jika bereaksi berlebihan, dapat menimbulkan kondisi yang merugikan tubuh sendiri. Karamuntiang mengandung senyawa rhodomyrtone, antosianin, derivat asam flavellagik, dan derivat heksasiklik phloroglucinol yang memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak karamuntiang dalam memodulasi respons inflamasi dan aktivitas fagositosis sel RAW 264,7 yang distimulasi LPS. Untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak karamuntiang yang akan digunakan dalam pengujian, dilakukan uji cell viability dengan metode MTT. Pengujian sekresi IL-6 dan TNF-α dilakukan dengan metode ELISA, sedangkan pengujian aktivitas fagositosis dilakukan dengan metode neutral red uptake. Pada konsentrasi 100 ppm, ekstrak karamuntiang bersifat sitotoksik terhadap sel RAW 264,7, sehingga dalam pengujian selanjutnya, konsentrasi maksimal yang digunakan adalah 50 ppm. Ekstrak karamuntiang konsentrasi 12,5; 25; dan 50 ppm menekan sekresi IL-6 pada sel RAW 264,7 yang distimulasi LPS hingga sebesar 10,3; 12,6; dan 9,0%. Namun, ekstrak karamuntiang pada konsentrasi tersebut sedikit meningkatkan sekresi TNF-α sebesar 0,0%, 2,1%, dan 8,0%. Ekstrak karamuntiang menekan aktivitas fagositosis sel RAW 264,7 sebesar 3,1%, 9,2%, dan 23,1%. Dari hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa modulasi respons inflamasi ekstrak karamuntiang tidak bersamaan antara kedua sitokin proinflamasi IL-6 dan TNF-α, dan memberikan penghambatan terhadap aktivitas fagositosis sel RAW 264,7. Agar didapatkan data efek modulasi respons inflamasi yang lebih komprehensif, penelitian dapat dilanjutkan dengan parameter inflamasi seperti IL-1β, NO, iNOS serta mengidentifikasi mekanisme kerja modulasi respons inflamasi yang terjadi.

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