Meninjau kembali pendidikan keperawatan di era generative AI: Implikasi terhadap pembelajaran, asesmen, dan kurikulum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24071/usdb.v4.586Keywords:
AI Literacy, Asesmen, Generative AI, Kurikulum, Pendidikan KeperawatanAbstract
Perkembangan Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) mulai mengubah cara mahasiswa belajar dan menghasilkan produk akademik dalam pendidikan keperawatan. Perubahan ini menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai kompetensi yang perlu dibangun dan bukti pembelajaran yang perlu dihasilkan melalui asesmen. Kajian ini bertujuan meninjau kembali implikasi GenAI terhadap pendidikan keperawatan dengan mensintesis perubahan pembelajaran, asesmen, AI literacy, human judgment, serta kurikulum dan tata kelola. Kajian menggunakan integrative literature review dengan tahapan Whittemore dan Knafl. Penelusuran melalui Scopus untuk publikasi 2023–2026 menghasilkan 538 rekaman. Setelah pengelolaan duplikasi dan evaluasi literatur, 11 sumber ditetapkan sebagai core evidence dan 7 sebagai supporting literature. Analisis menghasilkan enam tema: perubahan cara belajar; efisiensi dan kedalaman belajar; redesain asesmen; AI literacy; human judgment; serta kurikulum dan tata kelola. Sintesis menunjukkan bahwa GenAI dapat memperluas interaksi dan efisiensi pembelajaran, tetapi tidak otomatis menghasilkan pembelajaran yang lebih mendalam. Karena itu, asesmen perlu semakin menampilkan reasoning, verifikasi, penerapan, komunikasi, dan performa. Integrasi GenAI dalam pendidikan keperawatan perlu diarahkan pada penguatan kompetensi profesional dan tanggung jawab manusia.
Downloads
References
Ab Razak, N. I., Muhammad Yusoff, M. F., Nasharuddin, N. A., Soh, K. L., & Rahmat, O. K. R. W. (2026). A bibliometric analysis of chatbot or ChatGPT in nursing fields from 2022 to 2024. IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 25(2), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v25i02.2809
Abudari, M. O., Abu-abbas, M., Al-Ma’ani, M., Alradaydeh, M. F., & Alduraidi, H. (2025). Development and validation of the Nursing Process Evaluation Tool (NPET): A multidimensional instrument for assessing the quality of AI-generated nursing documentation. BMC Nursing, 24, Article 1422. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-04068-8
Abuejheisheh, A. J., Haddad, R. H., Alafaghani, S., Thawabteh, A., Khanafseh, M., Sheebat, B., Horaini, L., Hawareen, B., Abughannam, Y., Dugan, C., & Zuraikat, N. (2025). A national survey on navigating new era in healthcare services in hospitals through artificial intelligence: Awareness and attitudinal trends among nurses. Digital Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251393284
AlMekkawi, M., Bayliss-Pratt, L., AlAli, A., Al Sheryani, R., Al Maqbali, M., & ElKhalil, R. (2026). Nursing students’ experiences with AI-powered conversational and generative tools: A qualitative systematic review. Journal of Professional Nursing, 66, 108–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2026.06.007
Borromeo, A. S. (2026). AI ethics and regulatory readiness in Southeast Asian nursing: A Scopus-based bibliometric analysis (2001–2025). Health Policy and Technology, 15(6), Article 101238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2026.101238
Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2024). Panduan penggunaan generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) pada pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi. Direktorat Pembelajaran dan Kemahasiswaan, Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi, Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. https://lldikti3.kemdiktisaintek.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Buku-Panduan-_-Penggunaan-Generative-AI-pada-Pembelajaran-di-Perguruan-Tinggi-cetak.pdf
El-Banna, M. M., Sajid, M. R., Rizvi, M. R., Sami, W., & McNelis, A. M. (2025). AI literacy and competency in nursing education: Preparing students and faculty members for an AI-enabled future-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 12. Article 1681784. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1681784
Hargett, J. L., Princiotta, A. L., Lowry, P. F., Hosey, L. K., & White, M. N. (2026). ChatGPT as a tool in nursing exam design: Opportunities and limitations. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 21(1), e269–e273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2025.09.003
Higashitsuji, A., Otsuka, T., & Watanabe, K. (2025). Impact of ChatGPT on case creation efficiency and learning quality in case-based learning for undergraduate nursing students. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 20(1), e159–e166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2024.10.002
Kang, R., Xuan, Z., Tong, L., Wang, Y., Jin, S., & Xiao, Q. (2025). Nurse researchers’ experiences and perceptions of generative AI: Qualitative semistructured interview study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, Article e65523. https://doi.org/10.2196/65523
Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi, Sains, dan Teknologi. (2026). Keputusan bersama tentang pedoman pemanfaatan dan pembelajaran teknologi digital dan kecerdasan artifisial di jalur pendidikan formal, nonformal, dan informal.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2025a). Kemenkes dan Qure.ai jalin kerja sama pemanfaatan kecerdasan buatan dalam deteksi TB. https://www.kemkes.go.id/id/kemenkes-dan-qure-ai-jalin-kerja-sama-pemanfaatan-kecerdasan-buatan-dalam-deteksi-tb
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2025b). Kemenkes luncurkan Healthcare AI Hackathon 2025: Kolaborasi inovator untuk masa depan kesehatan Indonesia. https://www.kemkes.go.id/id/ministry-of-health-launches-healthcare-ai-hackathon-2025-innovators-collaborate-for-the-future-of-indonesias-healthcare
Kilincel, S., Bulut, F., Goksel, P., Usta, M. B., Mutluer, T., & Kilincel, O. (2026). Effectiveness of AI-enhanced virtual patients for psychiatric interview training in health professions education: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 13, Article 1834636. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1834636
Kwon, M., & Kim, S. D. (2026). Generative AI use and its impact on nurses’ decision-making: A systematic review. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 32(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2025.0078
Lu, K., Sun, S., Liu, W., Jiang, J., & Yan, Z. (2025). Mapping key nodes and global trends in AI and large language models for medical education: A bibliometric study. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 16, 1421–1438. https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S538362
Lukkahatai, N., & Han, G. (2024). Perspectives on artificial intelligence in nursing in Asia. Asian Pacific Island Nursing Journal, 8, Article e55321. https://doi.org/10.2196/55321
Nasirun, H., Mulyono, S., Hapsari, A. W. D., Wiradinata, H. H., & Ratu, M. (2026). Generative AI and intelligent tutoring systems in nursing education: A systematic review of impacts on higher-order thinking skills and clinical competency. Nurse Education in Practice, 93, Article 104847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2026.104847
Ogle, T., & Jarrett, P. (2026). Replacing written assessment with an oral ISBAR assessment in a 700‑student cohort: cohort‑level outcomes for performance, integrity, and staff experience. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2026.2684284
Phanphairoj, K., Wisesrith, W., & Chumwichan, S. (2026). Mapping research trends and competency domains in nursing-related digital and artificial intelligence technologies: A bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 13(1), 36–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2025.12.011
Tuppal, C. P., Nnobla, M. M. G., Loresco, R. D., Cabradilla, M. R., Tuppal, S. M. P., Pellacoeur, L. K. A., Roa, M. N. T., Chan, J. M. A. R., Panes, I. I., & Ferreras, A. L. U. (2025). Filipino nurse researchers’ knowledge, perception, and attitudes toward ChatGPT and their research productivity: A descriptive correlation study. International Journal of Educational Research and Innovation, 2025(23). https://doi.org/10.46661/ijeri.10568
UNESCO. (2023). Guidance for generative AI in education and research. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://doi.org/10.54675/EWZM9535
Whittemore, R., & Knafl, K. (2005). The integrative review: updated methodology. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52(5), 546–553. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x
World Health Organization. (2025). State of the world’s nursing 2025: Investing in education, jobs, leadership and service delivery. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240110236
Xia, Y., Liu, J., Wang, K., Chen, T., Gong, X., Wu, L., & Zhuang, Y. (2026). Toward an AI-integrated nursing curriculum: A Kano model analysis of generative AI competency needs. Nurse Education Today, 164, Article 107133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2026.107133
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Saverinus Suhardin, Joli Riyana Nubatonis, Yohana Teodosia Setu (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
