Contemplative discernment in a digital age: Ignatian pedagogy and the promise of AI-mediated education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24071/icre.v1i1.18Keywords:
artificial intelligence, ethical formation, Ignatian pedagogy, Jesuit education, reflective discernmentAbstract
This article investigates how Ignatian Pedagogy can inform and transform the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, with the aim of promoting human dignity, ethical discernment, and ecological sustainability. The research objectives are threefold: (1) to explore the compatibility between the Ignatian Pedagogical Paradigm (IPP) and AI-mediated learning environments; (2) to identify pedagogical risks and ethical concerns arising from AI integration; and (3) to propose a model that aligns AI-supported practices with Ignatian educational values. The study employs a qualitative, conceptual research method through critical analysis of literature on Ignatian pedagogy, AI ethics, and educational innovation, complemented by contextual reflection based on the Indonesian educational landscape and the mission of Sanata Dharma University. The findings suggest that while AI offers pedagogical enhancements, it also requires frameworks that preserve relationality, reflection, and human formation. The article proposes a hybrid Ignatian-AI model structured around the IPP’s five dimensions—context, experience, reflection, action, and evaluation—each critically examined for its AI-compatible applications. The article concludes that Jesuit education can lead the way in developing ethically grounded, spiritually aware, and contextually sensitive approaches to AI-mediated education.
Downloads
References
Abdelaal, N., & Al Sawy, I. (2024). Perceptions, challenges, and prospects: University professors’ use of artificial intelligence in education. Australian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 7(1), Article 1309. https://doi.org/10.29140/ajal.v7n1.1309
Aboderin, I., Fuh, D., Segalo, P., & Balcha Gebremariam, E. (2023). Beyond ‘equitable partnerships’: the imperative of transformative research collaborations with Africa. Global Social Challenges Journal, 2(2), 212–228. https://doi.org/10.1332/27523349y2023d000000002
Akavova, A., Lorsanova, Z., & Temirkhanova, Z. (2023). Adaptive learning and artificial intelligence in the educational space. E3S Web of Conferences, 451, Article 06011. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345106011
Anshari, M., Ahmad, N., Haidi, H., Hamdan, M., & Ali, E. (2022). COVID-19, artificial intelligence, ethical challenges and policy implications. AI & SOCIETY, 38(2), 707–720. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01471-6
Bai, X. (2024). The role and challenges of artificial intelligence in information technology education. Pacific International Journal, 7(1), 86–92. https://doi.org/10.55014/pij.v7i1.524
Boon, H. J. (2011). Raising the bar: Ethics education for quality teachers. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 36(7). https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2011v36n7.2
Lin, X., Chan, R. Y., Sharma, S., & Bista, K. (2024). ChatGPT and global higher education: Using artificial intelligence in teaching and learning. Star Scholars. https://doi.org/10.32674/rh27qv16
Chetry, K. K. (2024). Transforming education: How AI is revolutionizing the learning experience. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 5(5), 6352–6356. https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.5.0524.1277
Chinta, S., Wang, Z., Yin, Z., Hoang, N., Gonzalez, M., Quy, T., & Zhang, W. (2024). FairAIED: Navigating fairness, bias, and ethics in educational AI applications. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2407.18745
Ersoy, C. (2025). Inclusive transformation with artificial intelligence: Ethical aspects, policies, and strategic approaches for equitable education. In M. Garcia, J. Rosak-Szyrocka, & A. Bozkurt (Eds.), Pitfalls of AI integration in education: Skill obsolescence, misuse, and bias (pp. 271-292). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-0122-8.ch012
Gupta, N. (2023). Artificial intelligence ethics and fairness: A study to address bias and fairness issues in AI systems, and the ethical implications of AI applications. Revista Review Index Journal of Multidisciplinary, 3(2), 24–35. https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm2023.v03.n02.004
Huang, J., Zhang, S., & Sun, Y. (2025). Green technology innovation and corporate ESG—evidence based on listed companies in China. Sustainability, 17(4), Article 1410. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041410
Hustad, E. (2004). Knowledge networking in global organizations. In Proceedings of the 2004 SIGMIS conference on Computer personnel research: Careers, culture, and ethics in a networked environment (SIGMIS CPR '04) (pp. 55–64). https://doi.org/10.1145/982372.982384
Imran, M., Almusharraf, N., Abdellatif, M. S., & Abbasova, M. Y. (2024). Artificial intelligence in higher education: enhancing learning systems and transforming educational paradigms. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM), 18(18), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v18i18.49143
International Commission on the Apostolate of Jesuit Education (ICAJE). (1993). Ignatian pedagogy: A practical approach. Rome.
Jane, O. C., Ezeonwumelu, C. G., Barah, C. I., & Jovita, U. N. (2024). Personalized language education in the age of AI: Opportunities and challenges. Newport International Journal of Research in Education, 4(1), 39–44. https://doi.org/10.59298/nijre/2024/41139448
Jenkins, A., Blackman, T., Lindsay, R., & Paton-Saltzberg, R. (1998). Teaching and research: Student perspectives and policy implications. Studies in Higher Education, 23(2), 127–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079812331380344
Kaur, S., Pahuja, A., Saluja, S., Nayyar, V., & Budhraja, K. (2024). Leveraging artificial intelligence in education. In S. Saluja, V. Nayyar, K. Rojhe, & S. Sharma (Eds.), Ethical AI and Data Management Strategies in Marketing (pp. 140–155). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-6660-8.ch010
Khan, S., Mazhar, T., Shahzad, T., Khan, M. A., Rehman, A. U., Saeed, M. M., & Hamam, H. (2025). Harnessing AI for sustainable higher education: Ethical considerations, operational efficiency, and future directions. Discover Sustainability, 6(1), Article 23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-00809-6
Kunz, W. H., & Wirtz, J. (2023). Corporate digital responsibility (CDR) in the age of AI: Implications for interactive marketing. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 18(1), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.1108/jrim-06-2023-0176
Mahmoud, C. F., & Sørensen, J. T. (2024). artificial intelligence in personalized learning with a focus on current developments and future prospects. Research and Advances in Education, 3(8), 25–31. https://doi.org/10.56397/rae.2024.08.04
Maity, S., & Deroy, A. (2024). Generative AI and its impact on personalized intelligent tutoring systems. Center for Open Science. https://doi.org/10.35542/osf.io/kawr5
Maldonado-Guzmán, G. (2024). Green innovation mediates between financial innovation and business sustainability? Proof in the mexican manufacturing industry. Green Finance, 6(3), 563–584. https://doi.org/10.3934/gf.2024021
Maxwell, B., Lenselink, M., Boon, H., Van Den Hoven, M., Walters, S., Heilbronn, R., Tremblay-Laprise, A.-A., Daly, C., & Filion, M. (2016). A five-country survey on ethics education in preservice teaching programs. Journal of Teacher Education, 67(2), 135–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487115624490
Mishra, I., Pahwa, D., Yadav, N., & Kashyap, V. (2024). Harmonizing intelligence: A holistic approach to bias mitigation in artificial intelligence (AI). International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH), 2(7), 1978–1985. https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2024.0270
Nuong Deri, M., Zaazie, P., Singh, A., & Anandene, D. (2024). Leveraging artificial intelligence in higher educational institutions: A comprehensive overview. Revista de Educación y Derecho, 30. https://doi.org/10.1344/reyd2024.30.45777
Osman, S. A., & Ahmed, Z. E. (2024). Navigating AI integration. In Z. Ahmed, A. Hassan, & R. Saeed (Eds.), AI-Enhanced teaching methods (pp. 240–267). IGI Global Scientific. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-2728-9.ch011
Ou, S. (2024). Transforming education: The evolving role of artificial intelligence in the students academic performance. International Journal of Education and Humanities, 13(2), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.54097/cc1x7r95
Ray, S., & Ray, D. P. (2024). Artificial intelligence in education: Navigating the nexus of innovation and ethics for future learning landscapes. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 11(12), 163-174. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v11.i12.2023.5464
Rowston, K., Woodcock, S., & Bower, M. (2019). The lived experiences of career-change pre-service teachers and the promise of meaningful technology pedagogy beliefs and practice. Education and Information Technologies, 25(2), 681–705. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-10064-8
Sullivan, B. T., Flowers, W. J., Hwang, B., Strong, W., & Defoor, M. T. (2020). A novel peer-directed curriculum to enhance medical ethics training for medical students: A single-institution experience. Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development, 7, Article 238212051989914. https://doi.org/10.1177/2382120519899148
Vashishth, T. K., Sharma, V., Sharma, K. K., Kumar, B., Panwar, R., & Chaudhary, S. (2024). AI-driven learning analytics for personalized feedback and assessment in higher education. In T. Nguyen & N. Vo (Eds.), Using traditional design methods to enhance AI-driven decision making (pp. 206–230). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-0639-0.ch009
Wang, C., & Si, L. (2024). The intersection of public policy and public access: Digital inclusion, digital literacy education, and libraries. Sustainability, 16(5), Article 1878. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16051878
Warnick, B. R., & Silverman, S. K. (2011). A framework for professional ethics courses in teacher education. Journal of Teacher Education, 62(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487110398002
Wilson, S., Tolley, C., Mc Ardle, R., Lawson, L., Beswick, E., Hassan, N., Slight, R., & Slight, S. (2024). Recommendations to advance digital health equity: A systematic review of qualitative studies. NPJ Digital Medicine, 7(1), Article 173. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-01177-7
Wu, D., & Zhang, J. (2025). Generative artificial intelligence in secondary education: Applications and effects on students’ innovation skills and digital literacy. PLOS One, 20(5), Article e0323349. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323349
Zhang, C., & Jin, S. (2022). What drives sustainable development of enterprises? Focusing on ESG management and green technology innovation. Sustainability, 14(18), Article 11695. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811695
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Bernardus Agus Rukiyanto (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
