Konsep Kesejahteraan dalam Umpasa Perkawinan Batak: Sebuah Kajian Terhadap Fenomena Childfree
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Abstract
For the Toba Batak community, the presence of children in marriage symbolizes well-being, as reflected in the 3H philosophy (Hamoraon—wealth, Hagabeon—descendants, and Hasangapon—honor). However, the contemporary childfree phenomenon reflects a shift in perspective by viewing children as obstacles to personal well-being. This study examines the relevance of Toba Batak umpasa (traditional sayings) to the childfree phenomenon in contemporary marriage. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the study draws on a literature review, observations of Instagram content, and interviews with Toba Batak traditional leaders. The findings show that umpasa not only affirms the importance of descendants as a symbol of well-being but also serves as an ethical guide for maintaining social relationships and kinship. Despite changing social values, the 3H philosophy remains relevant as an ethical foundation for understanding well-being and marital life in the contemporary era.
Abstrak
Bagi masyarakat Batak Toba, kehadiran anak merupakan simbol kesejahteraan yang berlandaskan filosofi 3H (Hamoraon, Hagabeon, dan Hasangapon). Namun, fenomena childfree menunjukkan pergeseran pandangan yang menganggap anak sebagai penghalang kesejahteraan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis relevansi nilai-nilai umpasa Batak Toba terhadap fenomena childfree dalam konteks perkawinan kontemporer. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui studi literatur, observasi media sosial Instagram, dan wawancara dengan tokoh adat Batak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umpasa tidak hanya menegaskan pentingnya keturunan sebagai simbol kesejahteraan, tetapi juga berfungsi sebagai pedoman etis dalam membangun relasi sosial dan kekerabatan. Meskipun terjadi pergeseran nilai, filosofi 3H tetap relevan sebagai landasan etis dalam memahami makna kesejahteraan dan kehidupan perkawinan di era kontemporer.
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